It is crucial that TOK discussions about ethics focus on the knowledge questions that are woven into, and implied, in the ethical issues being discussed, rather than the focus being on debating the ethical issues themselves. The Nobel prize ceremony in Stockholm, Sweden, December, 2012.Photo: Alexander Mahmoud / Copyright Nobel Media AB. • Are some types of knowledge less open to interpretation than others? To what extent are our familiar areas of knowledge embedded in a particular tradition or to what extent might they be bound to a particular culture? We are all members of other smaller groups too. An example here is the authority of medical science to the patient who is not trained in medicine. There is a danger that when discussing knowledge of this type that the discussion becomes too arid and fact-oriented. There is a tendency for such discussions about such knowledge to become a succession of personal anecdotes strung together with little or no analysis. What metaphors pertain to this area? Knowledge can be viewed as the production of one or more human beings. It also includes consideration of the cognitive and material tools that we have available to help us in the pursuit of knowledge, and of how these tools have changed as a result of technological developments. Examples of knowledge questions relating to scope include the following. What role do models play? Sometimes it has a stronger linguistic component and is communicable to others, but often it cannot easily be shared. • How important are material tools in the production and acquisition of knowledge? However, they could also be sudden and dramatic, revolutionary shifts in knowledge or paradigm shifts, as an area of knowledge responds to new experimental results, say, or advances in the underlying theory. Examples of knowledge questions relating to ethics include the following. It is unlikely that there is an individual who has the knowledge of building such a device from scratch (rather than simply assembling it from pre-constructed components). skills and procedural knowledge that I have acquired through practice and habituation, what I have come to know through experience in my life beyond academia, what I have learned through my formal education (mainly shared knowledge that has withstood the scrutiny of the methods of validation of the various areas of knowledge). Does there exist a neutral position from which to make judgments about competing claims from different groups with different traditions and different interests? How do individuals contribute and what responsibilities rest upon them when they do? The course is therefore not devoted to a technical philosophical investigation into the nature of knowledge. Balance between shared and personal knowledge. This includes reflection on the students’ own perspectives and what informs them, as well as how different people or groups view or approach knowledge in the different themes/areas of knowledge. Shared knowledge. In this way personal knowledge is frequently characterized by this difficulty in sharing. Main Discussion: Use the Scope/Applications table to analyze four different. These aspects of areas of knowledge can be organized into a knowledge framework. But his insights had to go through a thorough process of review before being accepted as part of the shared body of knowledge that is the discipline of physics. Welcome to our new 6 Big Question framework for TOK, which offers a complete course of lesson presentations for the 2022 curriculum. What are some of the key concepts and key terms used? What assumptions underlie them? “We know” refers to knowledge that belongs to a group—shared knowledge. Shared knowledge changes and evolves over time because of the continued applications of the methods of inquiry—all those processes covered by the knowledge framework. In Week 9 we will develop the independent work and writing skills needed to make this investigation a student-led investigation. It can be useful in TOK to draw a distinction between these two forms of knowledge, as illustrated below. Much of it is bound together into more or less distinct areas of knowledge such as … These changes might be slow and incremental—areas of knowledge possess a certain stability over time. Sign in|Recent Site Activity|Report Abuse|Print Page|Powered By Google Sites. What is it about? The knowledge required to build a computer is also shared. The goal for this week is to establish the course-specific vocabulary needed to investigate our first area of knowledge, Mathematics. This illustrates how personal knowledge leads to advances in shared knowledge. It would seem difficult to examine areas of knowledge without considering the impact on individual knowers. Only then could Einstein’s vision become an accepted part of physics. • What are the key current open/unanswered questions in these themes/areas of knowledge? It is formed from a number of ways of knowing such as our memories of our own biography, the sense perceptions through which we gain knowledge of the world, the emotions that accompanied such sense perceptions, the values and significance we place on such thoughts and feelings. Trello Teams will alternate duties. There are socially established methods for producing knowledge of this sort, norms for what counts as a fact or a good explanation, concepts and language appropriate to each area and standards of rationality. In many languages, the verb “to know” has two first person forms: “I know” and “we know”. TOK is designed to apply a set of conceptual tools to concrete situations encountered in both the academic setting and in the wider world outside school. What methods or procedures are used? Yet we know how to make computers. Shared knowledge can have a big effect on our personal view of the world. Unit 2: Where Should the Study of Knowledge Start? Areas of Knowledge; Ending TOK; NEW TOK CURRICULUM. This might raise questions regarding the possibility of knowledge transgressing the boundaries of the group. Update/polish Unit 2 Essays (10 mins. It looks like you're using Internet Explorer 11 or older. Clearly, there are links and interactions between shared knowledge and personal knowledge. Towards the end of the course this picture will become more rounded and refined. This includes the building of conceptual frameworks, the establishing of traditions and practices, as well as the methodologies employed by formal disciplines. The subjects studied in the Diploma Programme might fall into this category. Applying the methodology belonging to an area of knowledge has the effect of changing what we know. ", History, The Natural Sciences, The Arts, Mathematics. The reverse process can and does occur. It is necessarily simplified—indeed its power derives from this fact. TOK is not intended to be a course in philosophy. The knowledge framework is a way to compare and contrast areas of knowledge. Your songs? Where are the frontiers? For example, an experienced tea taster who has developed their palette through years of experience of tasting different teas will have a complex knowledge of tea tastes. Consider the example of a scientist such as Albert Einstein who has contributed much to modern physics. Examples of knowledge questions relating to perspectives include the following. I would like a reflection based on your college plans or your level of college awareness for your reflections document whether or not you attend tonight's session. Like shared knowledge, personal knowledge is not static, but changes and evolves over time. • What makes this theme/area of knowledge important? Membership of such groups provides a horizon against which the significance of the events of our lives is measured. During whole group discussions, we will focus on the abstract "Knowledge Framework" approach TOK uses to analyze each area of knowledge. The knowledge framework is a device for exploring the areas of knowledge. It also includes reflection on historical perspectives and how knowledge changes over time. Students have spent the last two weeks building up their writing and independent work skills, so this week will be largely transitional in nature. They are mathematics, the natural sciences, the human sciences, the arts, history, ethics, religious knowledge systems, and indigenous knowledge systems. Duty 1: Knowledge Framework/Historical Development, Duty 2: Knowledge Framework/Links to Personal Knowledge, Looking at TOK Grade Data (predicted vs. actual grade), Unit 11: The Culture and Ethics of Science. Personal knowledge changes in response to our experiences. • What is the significance of key historical developments within these themes/areas of knowledge? • How can we know when we should act on what we know? The ideal balance might not be 50:50; it is likely that when discussing knowledge less time will be spent on personal knowledge and more on shared knowledge. • What practical problems can be solved through the application of knowledge from these themes/ areas of knowledge? What is known by an 18-year-old will be quite different to what he or she knew at only 6 years of age. But the tea taster might find it difficult to describe the taste of a particular tea in words in a way that can be understood by others. What is the role of technology in this domain? Links between shared and personal knowledge. While there might be a certain degree of overlap in the terms that are used, the questions that are asked, or the tools that are applied to answer these questions, the approach is really quite different. It is useful to have a rough working idea of knowledge at the outset of the course. It identifies the key characteristics of each area of knowledge by depicting each area as a complex system of five interacting components…

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