Int J Equity Health. This study shows that the best assets are those that can discriminate between households and have a high correlation with parental education level or with the household income. In children, the overall questionnaire reliability coefficient was fair with substantial perceptual agreement in adolescents. Most commonly referred to as socioeconomic status (SES) within the health, social, and criminological literature, the Pande RP, Yazbeck AS. 9. Income should be asked for the individual survey respondent and for the respondent's entire family, as well as household income. Further explorations are needed whether these common indices are capable of capturing the urban inequality properly as many urban inhabitants are transitory particularly in growing urban slums. A total of 25 different SES indices were identified. These contextualized indices resembles Pareekh [8], Tiwari [9], or Gour’s [10] classification. Relevance. s�����(�5� ��P�����zrLcv�g�3u ��D����Ι��؜%�&p�0�e{�ݾ�#�2��F5�Bb%�.q�D}�_�c�Z&~�[1B\Lњ!��5 �u�*��DC��]�h��BՉP֯�\���������h�c�ֶ � One assesses socioeconomic status (SES) and the other measures environmental factors. Historical Studies of Social Mobility and Stratification. Dagmar Waters TW, Hahnke E, Lippke M, Ludwig-Glück E, Mai D, Ritzi-Messner N, Veldhoen C, Fassnacht L. The distribution of power within the community: Classes, Stände, Parties by Max Weber. Majority of the studies included in the review were from India (n = 145, 57%), followed by Bangladesh (n = 42, 16%) and Pakistan (n = 27, 11%) (Table 3). On the other hand, validation of these questionnaires is very difficult because a gold standard is often inaccessible. 1 decade ago. The SES questionnaire showed strong reliability in both age groups for all indicators (k = 0.52‐1.00 in children and k = 0.296‐0.964 in adolescents). The high burden of obesity and abdominal obesity in urban Indian schoolchildren: a multicentric study of 38,296 children. Please check your email for instructions on resetting your password. Occupation should be measured at a minimum by a set of two standardized questions: one question to collect occupation and one question to collect industry. By using this website, you agree to our This review identifies the indices used to measure socio-economic status (SES) in South Asian urban health studies. Number of articles used different indices by year (n = 256), Table 2 shows the distribution of studies by types of SES indices used with their ingredients (or their combinations) and methods used. The sample size was also adequate for the identification of a kappa coefficient greater than 0.80 as statistically significant (α = 0.05 type I error, two‐tailed) and a β or power (type II error) of 0.20 (15). What’s in a country average? The roots of power may be similar among all human societies but the nuances of social stratification and social mobility seem to different and important enough require differentiation in SES measure for many research problems (Henrich et al. At the same time, we observe different income category in different countries probably because of divergent currency values in India [22], Pakistan [23], Sri Lanka [24], Nepal [25], and Bangladesh [26]. Khalequzzaman & Shariful Islam, You can also search for this author in This scoping review identifies asset-based wealth index as the most frequently used indices for measuring socioeconomic status in South Asian urban health studies. Asset-based wealth index (n = 7, 50%) and income and expenditure-based SES (n = 4, 29%) were commonly used SES indices in Nepal. 2005;122(4):309–14. �����|� W�4���L/g��)%��*|e?�E9h�:\k;��z@��B�g=YH��f`c� ��ف4+�Zy�L3���f�� |�ʎ 2014;61(3):427–34. Income can be measured in a variety of ways, including family income, assessments of wealth and subjective assessments of economic pressure. Socioeconomic status is a latent variable in the sense that, like mood or well-being, it cannot be directly measured (Oakes and Rossi 2003). Screening, collection, and analysis of data for all the included interventions was conducted by KMSUR and MH with close consultation from SH, SS, AR, MK, FH, SI, and IA. The focus on occupational prestige, and its derivatives, is understandable since persons (typically males) often had one lifetime career and the system was rather static. Endnote software (version 7.0) was used for database management including duplication checking while EPPI reviewer software (version 4.6.0.1) was used for screening purposes. The template comprised of descriptive characteristics of the included studies such as author(s), year of publication, study design, analysis type, data source, geographic location, study theme, indices used to measure socioeconomic status, and types of population targeted (urban and/or rural). Favorite Answer. 4930 0 obj <>stream Khalequzzaman & Shariful Islam, Systematic Review Centre (SRC), Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh, K. M. Saif-Ur-Rahman, Md. The institutional Research Ethics Committee of the six countries involved has approved the study protocol. 2005; Smith et al. Mumbai: IIPS; 2000. Independent of the development of new indices [38,39,40,41], most of the studies reviewed used traditional indicators such as asset-based wealth index [5] and indices based on income and expenditure.

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